I will never forget the day I accidentally dropped my power bank in water. My heart raced as I quickly picked it up, desperately wiping it dry while wondering—what happens if a lithium battery gets wet? Would it explode? Stop working? Or was it just a harmless accident?
It turns out that water and lithium batteries don’t get along. Some batteries may be able to withstand a minor exposure, while others can become dangerous. If you’ve ever wondered about the risks of water damage to lithium-ion batteries, you’re in the right place.
In this article, I’m going to tell you all about what actually happens when lithium batteries get wet, how to handle them safely, and whether or not they can be recovered.
How Do Lithium Batteries Normally Work?
Before proceeding further, it is important to learn about how lithium-ion batteries work. They power everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles, thanks to their high energy density and recharging capabilities.
There are three main components inside a lithium battery such as:
- Anode (Negative Electrode): Usually made of graphite.
- Cathode (Positive Electrode): A lithium metal oxide.
- Electrolyte: A lithium salt in a solvent of an organic nature that permits the flow of ions.
When charging, lithium ions move from the cathode to the anode. During discharge, they flow back, releasing energy. This balance is lost when water gets involved.
What Happens If Water Gets Into a Lithium Battery?
Lithium batteries are meant to be sealed, but when water enters through the casing, things can get really bad. Lithium, when it meets water inside the battery, will react and form heat and hydrogen gas—a dangerous combination. This reaction can result in swelling, leakage, or even thermal runaway, in which the battery starts burning up out of control.
Even a small amount of moisture can cause corrosion on the battery terminals, which reduce the efficiency. If the battery has been immersed, the electrolytes within may break down, permanently destroying its ability to hold a charge.
In extreme cases, a wet lithium battery can short-circuit, spark, or ignite, especially if it’s charged while still wet.
What Is an IP65 Rating?
If you’ve seen batteries labeled IP65, this refers to their Ingress Protection (IP) rating, which measures resistance to dust and water. An IP65-rated battery is dust-tight and protected against low-pressure water jets, making it suitable for outdoor use in rain or wet conditions. However, it’s not fully waterproof—submerging it could still cause damage.
For marine or heavy outdoor application, go for higher ratings such as IP67 or IP68, which are more water-resistant. Be sure to refer to the manufacturer’s guidelines prior to exposure to moisture.
How Does Salt Water Impact a Lithium Battery?
Saltwater is much more harmful to lithium batteries than freshwater. The salt enhances conductivity, speeding up corrosion and chemical reactions. If a lithium battery is submerged in seawater, the metal parts corrode faster, and the risk of a short circuit rises significantly.
Moreover, salt residue may remain within the battery even if it’s dried, causing long-term damage and decreased lifespan. If a lithium battery gets soaked in saltwater, it’s advisable to dispose of it properly rather than attempting to reuse it.
Is It Safe to Recharge a Wet Lithium Battery?
No—never charge a wet lithium battery. It can short circuit, overheat, or even catch on fire. Even if the outside of the battery seems dry, water inside can react with the lithium when current passes through it.
If your battery gets wet, completely dry it out for at least 48 hours in a well-ventilated environment before trying to use it. If it has any indication of damage (swelling, leaks, or unusual odors), replace it immediately.
Can Lithium Batteries Be Stored Outdoors?
The short answer is yes, but with precautions. Unlike lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries are more resilient to temperature conditions, but they still require proper protection from moisture, extreme heat, and cold.
Lithium batteries can operate in cold temperatures, but below-freezing conditions (under 32°F / 0°C) can temporarily reduce performance. Some advanced lithium batteries (like LiFePO4) handle cold better, but charging in freezing temps should be avoided unless the battery has built-in low-temperature protection.
For long-term outdoor storage, maintain a partial charge between 30-60%. This charge level minimizes stress on the battery cells. Never store lithium batteries fully charged or completely drained, as both states can cause permanent capacity loss over time.
How Can I Waterproof My Lithium Batteries?
Lithium batteries are sensitive to water, but with the correct waterproofing, you can protect them from moisture damage. One way to go about waterproofing your batteries by placing it in a sealed and ventilated battery box. A waterproof battery box prevents rain, splashes, and humidity from causing corrosion or short circuits.
You can also apply dielectric grease on connectors helps repel water and prevents corrosion. This is especially useful for marine and off-grid setups where humidity is high.
For additional protection, you can cover them with heat-shrink tubing or waterproof electrical tape to ensure a tight, moisture-resistant seal. This keeps moisture out while maintaining proper conductivity.
What Precautions Should I Take to Keep My Lithium Batteries From Getting Wet?
To prevent water damage, store lithium batteries in dry, enclosed spaces away from rain, humidity, and splashes. If outdoor use is necessary:
- Use waterproof cases (IP65 or higher-rated enclosures).
- Seal terminals with dielectric grease to prevent corrosion.
- Elevate batteries off wet surfaces.
- Avoid submersion—even “water-resistant” batteries can fail if fully soaked.
- Check regularly for leaks, swelling, or corrosion.
For boats or RVs, marine-grade lithium batteries with enhanced water resistance are the safest choice. If a battery does get wet, dry it completely before charging—never power a damp lithium battery.
How Safe Are Lithium Batteries on a Boat?
Lithium batteries are mostly safe for use on boats, but they must behandled appropriately. They’re lighter, more efficient, and do not require ventilation compared to lead-acid batteries, making them ideal for boats. However, exposure to saltwater and humidity can cause harm if not handled correctly.
The greatest concern is water intrusion. While many lithium batteries are water-rated (such as IP65), saltwater is very corrosive and can harm terminals or inside parts. Always install them in a dry, elevated location away from bilge water and splashes.
For ultimate safety, use marine-grade lithium batteries with heavy-duty casing and water-resistant connections. Regularly inspect for corrosion, swelling, or leaks. With proper installation and maintenance, lithium batteries are a reliable and safe power source for boats.
When Is a Wet Lithium Battery Dangerous?
Not all wet batteries are immediate hazards, but these red flags mean you should stop using it:
- Swelling or Bulging: Indicates gas buildup, which can lead to rupture.
- Leaking Fluid: The electrolyte is toxic and flammable.
- Overheating: Even when not in use, a damaged battery can overheat.
- Smoke or Sparks: Immediate fire risk—move away and call emergency services if necessary.
FAQs About Lithium Batteries and Water
1. Can a lithium battery work after getting wet?
Sometimes, if dried properly and not severely damaged. However, performance may degrade.
2. How long does it take for a lithium battery to dry?
At least 24-48 hours in a dry environment.
3. Why do lithium batteries explode when wet?
Water causes a chemical reaction that generates heat and gas, leading to thermal runaway.
4. Can I use rice to dry a lithium battery?
Rice isn’t very effective. Silica gel or air drying works better.
5. Is it safe to charge a wet lithium battery?
No! Charging a wet battery can cause a short circuit or fire.
Don’t Worry If Your Lithium Batteries Get Wet
Can lithium batteries get wet? The answer is yes! Water and lithium batteries don’t mix well, but with the right precautions, you can minimize risks. Always dry a wet battery thoroughly before use, avoid charging if damaged, and invest in water-resistant models for outdoor or marine use.
Have you ever dealt with a water-damaged lithium battery? Share your experience in the comments—your story could help others stay safe!